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Five-time Wimbledon champion Venus Williams suffered her worst All England Club defeat in 15 years on Monday, but draw cards Novak Djokovic, Roger Federer and Maria Sharapova powered into the second round.
Williams lost 6-1, 6-3 to 79th-ranked Russian Elena Vesnina.
Unseeded Kim Clijsters rolled back the years in her last Wimbledon before retirement with a 6-2, 6-4 win over Serbian 18th seed Jelena Jankovic.
Sharapova eased past Australia's Anastasia Rodionova 6-2, 6-3.
Amongst the men: Top seed Novak Djokovic, opening business on Centre Court with a 6-3, 6-3, 6-1 win over Spanish veteran Juan Carlos Ferrero.
Third seed Federer beat Spain's Albert Ramos 6-1, 6-1, 6-1, taking just 79 minutes to kick off his bid for a record-equalling seventh title.
Czech sixth seed Tomas Berdych lost in three tie-breaker sets to Latvia's Ernests Gulbis, the world number 87.
American 11th seed John Isner, who famously won the longest match in history at Wimbledon two years ago, went down in a 5-set marathon this time to Colombia's Alejandro Falla.