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Italy's competition authority on Thursday fined TikTok 10 million euros, saying the hugely popular video app had failed to sufficiently protect minors.
"The company has failed to implement appropriate mechanisms to monitor content published on the platform, particularly those that may threaten the safety of minors and vulnerable individuals," the AGCM watchdog said in a statement.
"Moreover, this content is systematically re-proposed to users due to their algorithmic profiling, stimulating an ever-increasing use of the social network."
The fine has been imposed on three units of China's Bytedance group, namely Ireland's TikTok Technology, TikTok Information Technologies UK and TikTok Italy.
The watchdog said TikTok had not fully complied with the guidelines it had advertised to reassure consumers the app was a "safe" space.
"In fact, the guidelines are applied without adequately accounting for the specific vulnerability of adolescents, characterised by peculiar cognitive mechanisms from which derive, for instance, the difficulty in distinguishing reality from fiction and the tendency to emulate group behaviour," it said.
It added that "potentially dangerous" content is promoted through TikTok's recommendation system.
It highlighted the "French scar challenge", where children pinch their cheeks violently to create bruising, a phenomenon explained by numerous tutorials on TikTok that has caused concern in the education and health sectors.
The short-video app has soared in popularity worldwide, but its ownership by Chinese tech giant ByteDance, and alleged subservience to Beijing's ruling Communist Party, has fuelled concern in Western capitals.
On Wednesday, the US House of Representatives overwhelmingly approved a bill that would force TikTok to divest from its parent company or face a nationwide ban.
When the competition watchdog launched an investigation into TikTok over dangerous content one year ago, the company insisted it took "extra care to protect teenagers".
