AFP
On Thursday, rescuers clearing a disused gold shaft of illegal miners said that a final sweep appeared to show nobody was left underground.
At least 246 people have resurfaced since a specialised machine installed on Monday sent a cage down the 2.6-kilometre shaft near Stilfontein in North West province.
Investigators face "a mammoth task" in identifying the dead as some of the bodies were already decomposing, and in some cases just bones, police spokeswoman Athlenda Mathe told journalists at the site on Thursday.
Since the police operation began in August, a total of 87 bodies have been retrieved, and 1,907 miners have resurfaced.
Many rescued this week looked frail, their legs just skin and bone. Mathe said nine people are in the hospital under police supervision.
The vast majority of the illegal miners are foreign nationals, with 1,125 from Mozambique and 465 Zimbabweans, police said.
Only 26 are South Africans.
Rescuers determined late on Wednesday that there was no one left in the shaft. The head of Mines Rescue Services, Mannas Fourie, told reporters at the site.
On Thursday, the cage was sent down again with cameras for a final sweep.
"We couldn’t see any person still left behind and we couldn’t hear any voices on the recording," Fourie said.
The miners had been located some 1,280 metres below ground, but the cage was sent down further until it hit the water to confirm there were no other people, he added.
All those who resurfaced from the derelict Stilfontein site have been arrested by police and charged with illegal mining and related offences.
Among the dead, only two have been identified so far, Mathe said.
Identification will be a lengthy process given the condition of the remains and the fact many miners were undocumented migrants, she said.
The causes of death will also need to be determined.
Community leader Johannes Qankase told AFP Thursday that he believed most of the men starved to death.
To force the miners out, police had restricted food and water supplies that the surrounding community had been dropping down the shaft.
In November, a court ordered police to end all such restrictions.
The site had been turned into "a mass grave by the government, killing our people like this because people are hungry", Qankase said.
On Thursday, the acting provincial police commissioner defended officers' actions.
Speaking at the site, Patrick Asaneng said that if they had allowed access to the shaft, they would have been "aiding and abetting crime and criminality -- and we're not supposed to do that".
Police said they were investigating the broader criminal networks that orchestrate the mining activity, recruit miners and traffic the illicit gold.
"Those ringleaders who are controlling what happens underground... some of them have been retrieved, some already in police custody, but we are looking for the real kingpins," Mathe said.
Police suggested the shaft would eventually be sealed off, but community leader Qankase believed that would not curtail the activity.
The miners "come to this risky, dangerous situation because of poverty, because of hunger", he said.
"They will reopen it," he added.
© Agence France-Presse
